Yes, hemiplegic migraine can be genetic — and when it is, it's called familial hemiplegic migraine. When there's no family connection, it's known as sporadic hemiplegic migraine.
The genetic version has been linked to mutations in four specific genes:
- CACNA1A (calcium channel)
- ATP1A2 (sodium/potassium pump)
- SCN1A Show Full Answer
Yes, hemiplegic migraine can be genetic — and when it is, it's called familial hemiplegic migraine. When there's no family connection, it's known as sporadic hemiplegic migraine.
The genetic version has been linked to mutations in four specific genes:
- CACNA1A (calcium channel)
- ATP1A2 (sodium/potassium pump)
- SCN1A (sodium channel)
- PRRT2 (a protein involved in neurotransmitter release) These mutations are typically passed down in what's called an autosomal dominant pattern — meaning just one altered copy of the gene from one parent can be enough to cause the condition.
That said, not everyone who inherits the gene change will develop symptoms, so it's not a guaranteed outcome. If hemiplegic migraine runs in the family, it's worth speaking with a doctor. Diagnosis can involve a physical exam, neurological exam, imaging like MRI or CT scans, and sometimes genetic testing.
It's also important to know that hemiplegic migraine shares symptoms with stroke — like one-sided weakness, vision changes, and speech trouble. If those symptoms appear suddenly, calling 911 right away is the safest move.
September 30
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