Flashing lights, blind spots, and tingling sensations are common warning signs that a migraine headache is soon to follow. If you have the condition migraine with aura, you likely know these sensory changes usually happen in a predictable pattern — until they don’t.
Cases have been reported where aura symptoms strike frequently over the span of a few days. In one published case, the subject’s auras “repeated” three times in a row and didn’t end with head pain.
Having two migraine auras back-to-back is unusual. But it’s not unheard of. Here’s what repeated auras can mean and when to seek medical attention.
A migraine aura is a group of temporary nervous system symptoms. Auras are pretty common, affecting one-third of people with migraine.
Auras usually happen right before a migraine headache. They tend to last anywhere between five minutes and an hour.
Most auras (90 percent) are visual. Symptoms affect both eyes at the same time, since they stem from the brain, not the actual eye.
Vision changes you may notice include:
Changes start small and grow bigger until they eventually fade away.
Auras can also cause sensory changes. Tingling or numbness may start in the fingers and move up your arm or into your face. These symptoms can be on one or both sides of the body.
Less often, people have trouble speaking, finding the right words, or understanding language for a short time. These symptoms resolve when the headache begins.
Some people also experience muscle weakness, inability to move, nausea, and hearing changes. You may experience tinnitus (ringing in the ears) or have temporary hearing loss.
What’s Unusual for Auras?In most cases, one symptom happens first and then gets better before the next symptom starts. Usually, auras end with head pain.
However, some people have migraine auras that don’t lead to headaches. In rare cases, auras happen during or after a migraine headache instead of before. This is known as a silent migraine.
Aura patterns can vary from one migraine episode to another. Some people have the same symptoms every time. Others notice different visual changes or combinations of symptoms.
Timing can also vary. If an aura lasts longer than 60 minutes, it’s considered a prolonged aura.
One very rare type of migraine condition is called retinal migraine. People with this condition experience sudden (temporary) blindness in one eye. Getting the right diagnosis is crucial, since it’s easy to mistake one-sided symptoms as an eye stroke, which is a medical emergency.
Even if your aura symptoms change slightly, they may still be a normal part of your migraine disorder. Keeping track of your symptoms can help you and your doctor recognize your usual pattern and notice any important changes.
It’s possible that new aura symptoms could mean there’s a separate underlying issue. Talking to a medical professional will help you know the difference between what’s safe and what’s not.
If you have visual auras, it can be helpful to draw a picture of what you see. Your drawings can give your healthcare provider a better understanding of your aura experience.
Migraine aura patterns aren’t the same for everyone. Even in the same person, aura symptoms can change over time.
Some episodes may involve only visual changes. Others include tingling, numbness, speech problems, or several symptoms happening one after another.
The type of migraine disorder you have can influence your aura pattern. People with migraine with aura often develop a consistent pattern over the years. Less common migraine subtypes may cause different or more complex aura symptoms.
A rare but recognized pattern is migraine aura status (MAS): at least three auras occurring over more than an hour, often fully reversible between them, without progression to stroke.
Personal differences also play an important role. Genetics, age, and changes in the brain's activity during a migraine attack may all affect how an aura develops. Some people have auras with nearly every migraine attack, while others have it only once in a while.
Migraine triggers may also influence auras. But they don’t necessarily affect everyone in the same way.
Common triggers include:
Managing these triggers may help reduce migraine attacks for some people. Unfortunately, avoiding triggers doesn’t guarantee that you won’t have aura symptoms.
Certain medications and changes in migraine treatment may also affect how you experience auras. If you notice that your aura pattern changes after starting or stopping a medication, let your healthcare provider know.
Migraine aura is usually temporary and not dangerous. Although repeated auras can happen, they could also mean there’s reason to be concerned.
If your aura is very different from your usual pattern, lasts much longer than normal, or occurs for the first time, contact a healthcare provider. You may need medical testing to rule out separate issues (such as a stroke or seizure).
Call emergency services right away if you suddenly develop symptoms that reach maximum intensity fast, instead of building gradually.
Seek emergency care if you have:
A medical check-up is also important if migraine aura begins later in life and you haven’t been diagnosed with migraine in the past. If migraine symptoms happen more often or the sensory changes last for longer than usual, talk to your doctor.
Even if your symptoms turn out to be related to migraine aura, it’s better to be sure. Having a migraine disorder slightly raises your chance of stroke. Because stroke symptoms can be similar to aura symptoms, be careful not to dismiss any concerns too quickly.
Aura symptoms can significantly affect your quality of life, especially if you’re having two auras in a row. Fortunately, there are several preventive medicines that can help lower the number and severity of your migraine attacks.
On MyMigraineTeam, people share their experiences with migraine, get advice, and find support from others who understand.
Do you ever get the neurological symptoms of aura twice in a row? Let others know in the comments below.
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